[27] Many of the Latter Day Saints who joined the RLDS Church in the midwestern United States had broken with Brigham Young and/or James Strang because of opposition to polygamy. The Hale family used fine mochaware bowls and mugs that included eye dazzling swirls of green and brown mixed with vibrant oranges, blues, and other colors, as evidence the family could afford the best ceramics available on the market and not just local product. could neither write nor dictate a coherent well-worded letter, during that early period.304 He may have dictated some of his letters to Stowell family members who wrote for him in hopes of improving his prospects with Emma. 207. The tune existed in American folklife earlier than the comic opera and may have made its way to Shuckburgh through another source, but the connection of the two would have been apparent to many Pennsylvanians. [24] In March 1844, Emma published: We raise our voices and hands against John C. Bennett's 'spiritual wife system', as a scheme of profligates to seduce women; and they that harp upon it, wish to make it popular for the convenience of their own cupidity; wherefore, while the marriage bed, undefiled is honorable, let polygamy, bigamy, fornication, adultery, and prostitution, be frowned out of the hearts of honest men to drop in the gulf of fallen nature.[25]. I am grateful to Mary Parks for giving me access to the tavern and helping foster research on the history of the Susquehanna Valley in numerous ways. . 20. During the earliest settlement period or before, the oldest and most commonly used name for the villagewhere Daniel Buck and Isaac Hale first met, Oquago, was attached to the mountain where Hale settled. For details about John Lewis as minister in Harmony, New York, see, Elder John Lewis, and Harmony, Feb. 22, 1826, Elial T. Foote Papers, Chautauqua County Historical Society; McClurg Museum, Westfield, New York, 2:37 and 26:137. Nelson Wheeler Whipple worked at John Comforts sawmill after Martin Lane purchased it, Anor Whipple, History of Nelson Wheeler Whipple, 18181887,http://clegg-webb.com/Histories/Nelson%20Wheeler%20Whipple%20History.html. Hiland Paul,History of Wells, Vermont for the First Century after its Settlement; with Biographical Sketches by Robert Parks, Esq. 243. Trial Notes Scribe A and Trial Notes Scribe B.. He blamed Federalists and Whigs for their problems.282, John Comfort saved his harshest words for the decline of religion in Harmony. The use of witch hazel rods accompanied many families in their move to Vermont. He quickly found himself alone in the darkness surrounded by the cries of howling, ravening wolves, and greedy bears, in these regions of barreness. In that isolated country, Colbert found the occasional smoky cabin tucked back from the river hidden in the woods. This may have influenced Elizabeths great-granddaughter Mary Anderson who gave the same date. all Lands held by patent, warrant, location, or improvements; Houses and lots of ground, and groundrents; all gristmills, sawmills, hempmills, oilmills, snuffmills, papermills, and powdermills; all Furnaces, Forges, Bloomirzes [bloomeries], Distilleries, Sugarhouses, malthouses, Breweries, Tanningyards and farries [ferries]; all Negro and Maulatto slaves; all Horses mares geldings and Cattle above the age of four years, and all offices and posts of profit, trades and occupations, Ministers of the Gospel of Everry Denomination and Schoolmasters only excepted. Laban Capern and Johnah Brewster, letter to John Hilborn, January 24, 1814, 1813-1814 Tax Assessment Records, Harmony Township, Susquehanna County Courthouse, Montrose, Pennsylvania. Isaac Hale, and perhaps his family, likely attended these meetings during the early settlement period. See Returned as Elected, Quarter Sessions Docket, Susquehanna County, 3: 3637, 7071, 101, 120. She was the same age as Oliver Cowderys older brother Warren and could name some of the individuals involved with the Rodsmen but was uncertain of Cowdery family involvement. [citation needed] She often took in young girls in need of work, giving them jobs as maids. Jesse purchased the property from his father and married Mary July 23, 1815. Hilborn eventually purchased his freedom, but his experience gave him more familiarity with Native Americans than was typical for the period. Since the Lewis family, as were many Methodists, had been early promoters of temperance, but did not condemn tobacco use, the artifact pattern more likely reflects their use of the site as a Methodist meeting house than a public house. In the mid-twentieth century an elderly resident of the valley who had lived there her entire life still referred to it as the very lovely but quiet Susquehanna River Valley. Marietta Collwell, letter to Wilford C. Wood, October 18, 1946, Wilford C. Wood Collection, CHL. In the course of her prayer she besought the Lord in behalf of her father, and the force and efficacy of that prayer entered into his heart with such power as to lead him to faith in Christ the Lord.217 Isaacs commitment changed as he listened to the wailing of her young heart in his behalf while Emma prayed aloud in the woods as the preachers encouraged.218, By the time George Peck became the circuit rider coming through the Susquehanna Valley in 1816, he held his meetings in the home of Brother Hale. Peck found in the region such weeping and shouting [as] I have seldom heard or witnessed.219 The village of Hopbottom (named after the prolific hops that grew in the area), twenty-four miles south of the Hale home, became known as Hoppingbottom, as illustrative of the manner in which the Methodists exhibited their joy, in times of the outpouring of the Spirit, in leaping up and down.220 When Peck preached a sermon in the parlor of the Hale home, he based it on Isaiah 12:6, Cry out and shout, thou inhabitants of Zion: for great is the Holy One of Israel in the midst of thee.221. isaac hale father of emma smith - olsenlandscaping.com 2 Isaac Hale (1763-1839) 3 Joseph Smith Sr. (1771-1840), was a treasure seeker. . [citation needed] As she had in Kirtland, Emma Smith lead "the work of boarding and clothing the men engaged in building [the Nauvoo temple]". Hale gave me a cordial reception, and in the afternoon I preached in a little log school-house to a small but earnest congregation. Peck must have used the log home on the Hale property for some of his sermons. 60. TheCommentarybecame one of the principal Methodist theological resources, and Peck indicated he had read it and believed Clarkes arguments supporting a Trinitarian view (Peck,Early Methodism,395).Peck also indicates John Comfort had access to C. Giles book,Dagon of Calvinism; or, the Young Hammerer,which may have been borrowed or owned (Peck,Early Methodism,257). Bennett became a blacksmith in Great Bend Township, Tax Assessments, Great Bend Township, 1825, Susquehanna County Courthouse, Montrose, Pennsylvania. In winter there was no other way save by foot-paths. It was during this troubled period that other religious denominations began to appear in the valley. B. Buck noted most residents of the valley were drawn into Methodism during this early period, but religious enthusiasm quickly waned as the fires of conviction soon died down and the valleys residents largely returned to their previous indifference.210Some members of the Hale family continued their persistent involvement in religion despite the declining interest. Lord help me to be prepared to go to rest when thou shalt remove me hence.285 The next day the oldest of Isaac and Elizabeth Hales daughters, Phebe, died. Isaac Hale identified this location as the family garden plot in his will. On December 21, 1819, John Comfort assessed Isaac Hale a tax for three homes on his property. Anderson,Ancestry and Posterity of Joseph Smith and Emma Hale), 1:131, 399, 463, 580, 711; Correll H. Tiffany, comp., West Hartland, Conn.: A Documentary History of Her Homesteads, 17601916, unpublished manuscript, Connecticut State Library; Sharpe,History of Oxford,14; Henry P. Johnston, ed.,The Record of Connecticut Men in the Military and Naval Service During the War of the Revolution, 17751783(Hartford, Conn.: Case, Lockwood & Brainard Company, 1889), 326, 364, 643. Wilkinson,Annals of Binghamton,11617. Willingborough Township, Direct Tax Lists 1798, 4. John Traves built a sawmill across the river a few hundred feet downstream from the Hale home. The Value of what Joseph Smith's Disapproving Father-in-Law Said About Her name and character have been both revered and misunderstood in Latter-day Saint memory, but her actions and influence cannot be erased. Numerous contemporary sources suggest a large group of treasure diggers stayed on the Isaac and Elizabeth Hale property in 1825 and perhaps as early as 1824. It is also possible he drew from the general folk culture of New England and learned how to use a rod to receive revelation elsewhere. Comfort wrote, Nathaniel Lewis Jr. [Nathaniel C. Lewis] had his leg broke last spring by the kick of an ox & has had it amputated above the knee. A little over a month after Isaac Hale arranged to purchase his land, a change in county government gave the Hale family a larger political voice. John Comfort, a fellow Methodist and Isaacs close companion in community leadership, regularly wrote to his son Silas, after he left their valley to study for the ministry, and described the changes in their community as they occurred. Elder Lewis is [in] good health for and old man. Hale also bought an additional 40 1/2 acres of land from Caleb and Sarah Carmalt for $101.00 but did not record the deed until he sold it years later to a son-in-law, Michael Morse.234The Carmalt addition was a section of land attached to the eastern edge of the Hale property above the land of Ezekiel and William Travis. Blackman noted that the region is filled with sources of salt, Emily Blackman, Susquehanna County, in William H. Egle, ed.,An Illustrated History of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania(Harrisburg: De Witt C. Goodrich & Co., 1876), 1019. GraciaN. Jones, My Great-Great-Grandmother Emma Smith, Ensign, Aug.1992, 3036. 21:31, Isa. When he arrived, Colonel Pickering wrote to his son Henry that Nathaniel Lewis, who has been much used to sick persons, and whose experience enables him to judge better than I, thinks your brother not likely to survive three days longer.160 Tim Pickering mentally prepared to die in good nineteenth-century fashion with a serenity of mind, flowing from a sincere and constant endeavor to preserve aconscience void of offence toward God and toward man!161 Lewis was right and his brother-in-law died three days later on May 14, 1807.162 Isaac Hale helped bury him on the brow of a hill between the mountain and Starucca [Creek]. On the day of his burial, Colonel Pickering wrote of his son, I intimated to Hail and Lewis my wish that flat stones might be set up at his grave. After this, Martin Harris went away, and Oliver Cowdery came and wrote for Smith, while he interpreted as above described. Deacon Stowells Long Hunt for GodHis Belief that Smith Could See Fifty Feet into the Earth,Bainbridge Republican,August 23, 1877, 2; reprinted inMontrose Democrat,September 19, 1877. 1833, Letter to David Hale, 1219February 1841, Travel Account and Questions, November 1837. He had been relaxing in his home when he was called upon to walk to the neighboring Treadwell home to interview a neighbor. Peck,Early Methodism,306. But her placement of the ruins on the Westfall property is supported by early sources.268The map Blackman described marking the town suggests it was a small settlement and it was likely affiliated with the larger community at Oquago to the norththe connection between the two places may explain the name of Oquago Mountain. Over the years, many RLDS Church historians have continued to state that the practice had originated with Brigham Young.[28]. Upham,Life of Timothy Pickering,118. On 23 December 1847, which would have been Joseph's 42nd birthday, Bidamon and Smith were married in Nauvoo by a Methodist circuit rider. She is buried in the Catholic Cemetery at Nauvoo, Illinois. Alva Hale, who had rented property his whole married life, finally became a landowner and moved back onto the farm where he grew up to better care for his mother. 259. Pickering negotiated the treaty of Canandaigua in 1794, and he served as the United States expert on Indian relations until he became Washingtons Secretary of State, a position Pickering held until disagreements with John Adams led to his dismissal on May 12, 1800. It is likely there were a few additional books in the valley but the data is not sufficient to discover who owned them or what they were titled. 78. The Warrior Path was a major travel route created by Native Americans on foot as war parties moved rapidly through the region to control territory of interest to competing tribes active in the beaver fur trade.37It also led to hunting grounds along the rivers tributaries. Even Nathaniel Lewis was criticized by his congregation. 165. The younger Pickering, a man wont to speak little and to write less, grew lonesome in the valley, and he began courting Lurena Cole, a sister of Nathaniel Lewiss wife, Sarah Cole Lewis.153 The well-educated Tim Pickering must have felt out of place within the frontier family of Nathaniel Lewis. Josiah Stows discovery of treasure in the Indian burials on his property became well known. It drew from the King James Bibles phrasing of a blessing given by Jacob to his son Joseph promising him blessings unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills (Genesis 49:26). The artifact scatter suggests a door in the log home faced east toward the work yard and toward a rock-lined well that still exists near the seasonal brook. 94. See Emily Blackman, Susquehanna County, 1090. 144. Blackman,History of Susquehanna County, 578. Report filed in the Historic Sites Files, Historic Sites Division, LDS Church History Department. That same day, Julia Clapp Murdock died giving birth to twins, Joseph and Julia. Nathaniel became interested in preaching at a very young age of eleven and one-half years. See Jirah Mumford & Co., in the Harmony Township Tax Assessment records from 18261831. Emma Hale Smith (1804-1879), wife of the Prophet Joseph Smith, was born July 10, 1804, in the Susquehanna Valley in harmony township (now Oakland), Pennsylvania, to Isaac and Elizabeth Lewis Hale, the first permanent settlers in the valley. In 1842, when the Ladies' Relief Society of Nauvoo was formed as a . 299. The tax assessment noted the property had one acre of first rate land (this included the kitchen garden and work area surrounding his house), six acres of second rate pasture land in the flood plain along the river, and six acres of third rate rocky farmland and sugar maple groves at the north end of Joseph Smiths lot. Local historians explored their history, their minister wrote about them in his autobiography, and during the late nineteenth century the steamboat Erminie took tourists downriver to see their property and hear about Joseph Smith.315 Although Isaac Hale may have wished a life of distinguished solitude, he was thrust onto the public arena against his will. S. Hall,The School of Good Manners, Composed for the Help of Parents in Teaching their Children(Boston: S. Hall, 1790), 1011. His information on Emmas early conversion appears to be part of what he learned directly from her. Blackman,History of Susquehanna County,101, 103. Hale Farm, left of center line; Morse Farm, top right of center. When the saints were expelled from Illinois in 1846, Emma Smith chose to remain in Nauvoo, encouraging her son Joseph Smith III that he was to be the successor to his father's position as President of the Church. Hales brief tour of duty ended eight days after his enlistment when the younger soldiers returned home without seeing action and the seventeen-year-old private was released from service.23. The Comforts named their son born May 15, 1811, Isaac Lewis Comfort. . J. However, overall it seems that Isaac was not happy with his daughter's relationship with Joseph. Jared Sparks,The Works of Benjamin Franklin(Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, 1840), 1:59697. We will do it, said Hail; we will fix the stones, so that Charles, when grown up, if he should come this way, may find the spot where his fathers body was laid. These words were uttered with so much affection and respect for the deceased as showed how greatly your brother was beloved.163 Colonel Pickering wrote to his son Henry, Mr. Exceptional Service, Affordable Process isaac hale father of emma smith. 234. During the next weeks, Joseph was arrested, tried, and exonerated in South Bainbridge for "glass looking" based on the state's vagrancy law. . He was boarded by Isaac while. [17], Emma was baptized by Oliver Cowdery on June 28, 1830, in Colesville, New York,[13] where an early branch of the church was established. 235. Emma and Joseph eloped on January18, 1827, in South Bainbridge, New York, and then went to live with the Smith family. Joseph Smith's Witchcraft, Scrying and Arrest 1820 - 1827 They spend whole days in hunting & yet their houses are left in an unfinished state. Trial Notes Scribe A. The high assessed value for his sugar house and high subsequent value for his sugar suggests the Hale family were major sugar producers in the valley, Tax Records 1819, 1820, and 1821. Joe Smith Operates at Susquehanna,Binghamton Daily Republican,29 July 1880,Early Mormon Documents4:34566. Quaker John Hilborn was the best educated man in the valley. Larison,Sylvia Dubois, 57. But in her sons eyes she managed to die a good Christian death as was expected at the time. 180. Chaffee,History of the Wyoming Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church,36; John Comfort to Silas Comfort, Harmony, September 25, 1847, John Comfort Correspondence, George Fisk Comfort Papers, Syracuse University Special Collections. Emma's Susquehanna: Growing Up in the Isaac and Elizabeth Hale Home Joseph and Emma lived for about two months in Emma's childhood home before moving to a house nearby. One historian argued that unsatisfied greed, hurt pride, and infectious hatred motivated Isaac Hale. In addition to the daybook, the 1820 census that included David as part of his fathers household also documented the business activities of each household. It is possible these early diggings continued as time permitted but most of the focus in the valley was on settling the land and making a living. Ten days before her death she became quite uncomfortable. He was also educated and his son Jesse Lane served as a local Justice of the Peace. 240. The early settlers grandchildren recalled years later how their families brought with them many of those old Connecticut notions and prejudices, which shaped their daily activities such as avoiding beginning to plow or plant on a Friday (considered an unlucky day) or making sure the moon was in the right quarter to begin planting to guarantee a good crop. He recorded the purchase agreement with Isaac Hale in the county deed book on January 2, 1810, without noting when the payment or payments for the property fell due, or if Hale would pay the debt as a single lump sum or in regular installments over an extended period.236The latter option was more likely since the Hale family only paid one dollar down and built a new, large frame home at about the same time. The similarities in name, location, and activities can easily lead to confusion between the two men. . These artifacts were in the upper layer of the topsoil and Isaac Hale likely knew of an earlier Native American presence on his property.96, Near Ouaquaga village where Daniel Buck and Isaac Hale first lived, the new settlers developed an intense interest in buried wealth. During that year, Buck was charged with teaching false doctrine, leading some members of his congregation to try removing him from his position. 175. 164. Joseph Smith Jr. resided near me for some time after this, and I had a good opportunity of becoming acquainted with him, and somewhat acquainted with his associates, and I conscientiously believe from the facts I have detailed, and from many other circumstances, which I do not deem it necessary to relate, that the whole "Book of Mormon" (so called) is a silly fabrication of falsehood and wickedness, got up for speculation, and with a design to dupe the credulous and unwary -- and in order that its fabricators may live upon the spoils of those who swallow the deception. There was also something said about "three that were to see the thing" -- meaning I supposed, the Book of Plates, and that "if the three did not go exactly according to the orders, the thing would be taken from them." . Isaac contested 40 acres of the assessment, arguing a son-in-law, Michael B. Morse, lived on 27 acres, and a son-in-law, Joseph Smith Jr., lived on 13 acres of the land, and they should pay the tax for their part of his property. He ground it for cornbread using an abandoned mortar and its companion pestle.34 Since Buck had a young family, including his small son Ichabod whom he had brought with him to the village, Hale must have been of considerable assistance.35 Buck and Hale interacted with the survey team active in the area and knew the land was surveyed and legally available.36 But shortly after becoming associates, the two men traveled south together over the New York border into the valley where Buck thought there was salt and where contested land claimed by the Susquehanna Land Company was inexpensive. Although Emma remained estranged from Brigham Young and the Latter-day Saints in Utah, she maintained her belief in Joseph Smiths prophetic role and in the divine truth of the Book of Mormon. Young Emma and Charles were briefly raised within the same extended family until Charles left the valley with his mother. While the Spanish had discovered or appropriated gold and silver mines in Peru and other places in South America, the British had not been as successful, and so they turned to the more common way of getting goldtaking it from others. 256. At the time of the marriage, Bidamon was the father of two daughters (his two sons had died) and Emma was the mother of five surviving children.

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